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<H1 CLASS="chapter">Contents</H1>
<UL CLASS="ftoc1"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot002.html#htoc1">Chapter&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot003.html#htoc2">1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;What is ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> ?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot004.html#htoc3">1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Overview</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot005.html#htoc4">1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Further Information</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot006.html#htoc5">1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Reporting Problems</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot007.html#htoc6">Chapter&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;Terminology</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot008.html#htoc7">Chapter&nbsp;3&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting started with ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP></A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot009.html#htoc8">3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I install the ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> system?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot010.html#htoc9">3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I run my ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> programs?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot011.html#htoc10">3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I use <TT>TkECL</TT><SUP><TT><I>i</I></TT></SUP><TT>PS</TT><SUP><TT><I>e</I></TT></SUP>?</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot011.html#htoc11">3.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting started</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc12">3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I write an ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> program?</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc13">3.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiling a program</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc14">3.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Executing a query</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc15">3.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Editing a file</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc16">3.4.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging a program</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc17">3.4.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting help</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc18">3.4.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Other tools</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot012.html#htoc19">3.4.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Preference Editor</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc20">3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I use <TT>eclipse</TT>?</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc21">3.5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting started</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc22">3.5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Interacting with the top level loop</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc23">3.5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiling a program</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc24">3.5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Entering a program from the terminal</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc25">3.5.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Executing a query</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc26">3.5.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Interrupting the execution</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc27">3.5.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging a program</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc28">3.5.8&nbsp;&nbsp;The history mechanism</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot013.html#htoc29">3.5.9&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting help</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot014.html#htoc30">3.6&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I make things happen at compile time?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot015.html#htoc31">3.7&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I use ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> libraries in my programs?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot016.html#htoc32">3.8&nbsp;&nbsp;How do I make my programs run faster?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot017.html#htoc33">3.9&nbsp;&nbsp;Other tips</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot017.html#htoc34">3.9.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Initialisation at start-up</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot017.html#htoc35">3.9.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Recommended file names</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot018.html#htoc36">Chapter&nbsp;4&nbsp;&nbsp;The TkECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> Development Tools</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot019.html#htoc37">4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Display Matrix</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot019.html#htoc38">4.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Invoking display matrix tool interactively</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot020.html#htoc39">4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the development tools in applications</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot020.html#htoc40">4.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Development tools in the Tcl/Tk Embedding Interface</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot020.html#htoc41">4.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Remote Development Tools</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot021.html#htoc42">Chapter&nbsp;5&nbsp;&nbsp;ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP>-specific Language Features</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc43">5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Structure Notation</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc44">5.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Updating Structures</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc45">5.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Arity and Functor of Structures</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc46">5.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Printing Structures</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc47">5.1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Inheritance</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot022.html#htoc48">5.1.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Visibility</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot023.html#htoc49">5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Loop/Iterator Constructs</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot023.html#htoc50">5.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Examples</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot024.html#htoc51">5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Array Notation</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot024.html#htoc52">5.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Implementation Note</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot025.html#htoc53">5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;The String Data Type</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot025.html#htoc54">5.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Choosing The Appropriate Data Type</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot025.html#htoc55">5.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Builtin Support for Strings</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot025.html#htoc56">5.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Quoted lists</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot026.html#htoc57">5.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Matching Clauses</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot027.html#htoc58">5.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Soft Cut</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot028.html#htoc59">Chapter&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;The Compiler</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot029.html#htoc60">6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Summary</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot030.html#htoc61">6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiler Invocation</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot030.html#htoc62">6.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Source Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot030.html#htoc63">6.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Main Compiler Options</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot031.html#htoc64">6.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Source Structure</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot031.html#htoc65">6.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Clauses and Predicates</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot031.html#htoc66">6.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Compilation and Modules</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot031.html#htoc67">6.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Incrementality</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot032.html#htoc68">6.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Directives</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot032.html#htoc69">6.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Modules and Declarations</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot032.html#htoc70">6.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Conditional Compilation</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot032.html#htoc71">6.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Include Directives</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot032.html#htoc72">6.4.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiler Pragmas</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot033.html#htoc73">6.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Precompiled (ECO) Files</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot033.html#htoc74">6.5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Making Precompiled Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot033.html#htoc75">6.5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Restrictions</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot033.html#htoc76">6.5.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Loading Precompiled Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot033.html#htoc77">6.5.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Compiler with a Makefile</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot034.html#htoc78">6.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Special Compiler Features</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot034.html#htoc79">6.6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiling Non-Textual Source</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot034.html#htoc80">6.6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Mode Declarations</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot034.html#htoc81">6.6.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Inlining</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot034.html#htoc82">6.6.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Clause Expansion</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot035.html#htoc83">6.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Writing Efficient Code</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot036.html#htoc84">6.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Implementation Notes</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot037.html#htoc85">Chapter&nbsp;7&nbsp;&nbsp;Module System</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot038.html#htoc86">7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Basics</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot038.html#htoc87">7.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Purpose of Modules</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot038.html#htoc88">7.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;What is under Visibility Control?</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot038.html#htoc89">7.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;What Modules are There?</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot039.html#htoc90">7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Getting Started</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot039.html#htoc91">7.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating a Module</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot039.html#htoc92">7.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Exporting</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot039.html#htoc93">7.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Importing</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot039.html#htoc94">7.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Definitions, Visibility and Accessibility</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc95">7.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Advanced Topics</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc96">7.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Solving Name Conflicts</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc97">7.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Qualified Access via :/2</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc98">7.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Reexport - Making Modules from Modules</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc99">7.3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Modules and Source Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc100">7.3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Tools and Caller Modules</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc101">7.3.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Lookup Module vs Caller Module</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc102">7.3.7&nbsp;&nbsp;The Module Interface</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot040.html#htoc103">7.3.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Module-related Predicate Properties</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot041.html#htoc104">7.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Less Common Topics</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot041.html#htoc105">7.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Modules Using Other Languages</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot041.html#htoc106">7.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating and Erasing Modules at Runtime</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot041.html#htoc107">7.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Initialization and Finalization</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot041.html#htoc108">7.4.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Locking Modules</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot042.html#htoc109">Chapter&nbsp;8&nbsp;&nbsp;Arithmetic Evaluation</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot043.html#htoc110">8.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Built-Ins to Evaluate Arithmetic Expressions</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot043.html#htoc111">8.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Arithmetic Evaluation vs Arithmetic Constraint Solving</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc112">8.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Numeric Types and Type Conversions</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc113">8.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Integers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc114">8.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Rationals</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc115">8.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Floating Point Numbers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc116">8.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Bounded Real Numbers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot044.html#htoc117">8.2.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Type Conversions</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot045.html#htoc118">8.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Arithmetic Functions</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot045.html#htoc119">8.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Predefined Arithmetic Functions</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot045.html#htoc120">8.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Evaluation Mechanism</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot045.html#htoc121">8.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;User Defined Arithmetic Functions</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot045.html#htoc122">8.3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Runtime Expressions</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot046.html#htoc123">8.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Low Level Arithmetic Builtins</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot047.html#htoc124">8.5&nbsp;&nbsp;The Multi-Directional Arithmetic Predicates</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot048.html#htoc125">8.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Arithmetic and Coroutining</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot049.html#htoc126">Chapter&nbsp;9&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-logical Storage and References</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot050.html#htoc127">9.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot051.html#htoc128">9.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Bags</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot052.html#htoc129">9.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Shelves</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot053.html#htoc130">9.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Stores</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot054.html#htoc131">9.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-logical Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot055.html#htoc132">9.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-logical Arrays</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot056.html#htoc133">9.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Global References</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot057.html#htoc134">Chapter&nbsp;10&nbsp;&nbsp;Input and Output</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc135">10.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Streams</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc136">10.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Predefined Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc137">10.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Stream Identifiers and Aliases</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc138">10.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Opening New Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc139">10.1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Closing Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc140">10.1.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Redirecting Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc141">10.1.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Finding Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot058.html#htoc142">10.1.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Stream Properties</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc143">10.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Communication via Streams</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc144">10.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Character I/O</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc145">10.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Token I/O</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc146">10.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Term I/O</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc147">10.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Newlines</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc148">10.2.5&nbsp;&nbsp;General Parsing and Text Generation</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc149">10.2.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Flushing</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc150">10.2.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Prompting</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot059.html#htoc151">10.2.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Positioning</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot060.html#htoc152">10.3&nbsp;&nbsp;In-memory Streams</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot060.html#htoc153">10.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;String Streams</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot060.html#htoc154">10.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Queue streams</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot061.html#htoc155">10.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Term Output Formats</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot061.html#htoc156">10.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Write_term and Printf</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot061.html#htoc157">10.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Other Term Output Predicates</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot061.html#htoc158">10.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Default Output Options</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot062.html#htoc159">Chapter&nbsp;11&nbsp;&nbsp;Dynamic Code</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot063.html#htoc160">11.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiling Procedures as Dynamic or Static</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot064.html#htoc161">11.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Altering programs at run time</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot065.html#htoc162">11.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Differences between static and dynamic code</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot066.html#htoc163">Chapter&nbsp;12&nbsp;&nbsp;ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> Macros</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot067.html#htoc164">12.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot068.html#htoc165">12.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the macros</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot068.html#htoc166">12.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Source Annotation-aware macro transformations</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot069.html#htoc167">12.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Definite Clause Grammars &mdash; DCGs</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot069.html#htoc168">12.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Simple DCG example</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot069.html#htoc169">12.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Mapping to Prolog Clauses</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot069.html#htoc170">12.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Parsing other Data Structures</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot070.html#htoc171">Chapter&nbsp;13&nbsp;&nbsp;Events and Interrupts</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot071.html#htoc172">13.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Events</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot071.html#htoc173">13.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Event Identifiers and Event Handling</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot071.html#htoc174">13.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Raising Events</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot071.html#htoc175">13.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Events and Waking</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot071.html#htoc176">13.1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Aborting an Execution with Events</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot072.html#htoc177">13.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Errors</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot072.html#htoc178">13.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Error Handlers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot072.html#htoc179">13.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Arguments of Error Handlers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot072.html#htoc180">13.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;User Defined Errors</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot073.html#htoc181">13.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Interrupts</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot073.html#htoc182">13.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Interrupt Identifiers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot073.html#htoc183">13.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Asynchronous handling</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot074.html#htoc184">Chapter&nbsp;14&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot075.html#htoc185">14.1&nbsp;&nbsp;The Box Model</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot075.html#htoc186">14.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Breakpoints</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot076.html#htoc187">14.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Format of the Tracing Messages</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot077.html#htoc188">14.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging-related Predicate Properties</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot078.html#htoc189">14.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Starting the Debugger</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot079.html#htoc190">14.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging Parts of Programs</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot079.html#htoc191">14.5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Mixing debuggable and non-debuggable code</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc192">14.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the Debugger via the Command Line Interface</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc193">14.6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Counters and Command Arguments</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc194">14.6.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Commands to Continue Execution</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc195">14.6.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Commands to Modify Execution</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc196">14.6.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Display Commands</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc197">14.6.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Navigating among Goals</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc198">14.6.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Inspecting Goals and Data</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc199">14.6.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Changing the Settings</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot080.html#htoc200">14.6.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Environment Commands</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot081.html#htoc201">14.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Extending the Debugger</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot081.html#htoc202">14.7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;User-defined Ports</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot081.html#htoc203">14.7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Attaching a Different User Interface</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot082.html#htoc204">14.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Switching To Creep Mode With CTRL-C</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot083.html#htoc205">Chapter&nbsp;15&nbsp;&nbsp;Development Support Tools</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot084.html#htoc206">15.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Available Tools and Libraries</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot085.html#htoc207">15.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Heuristic Program Checker</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot086.html#htoc208">15.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Document Generation Tools</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot087.html#htoc209">15.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Cross Referencing Tool</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot088.html#htoc210">15.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Pretty Printer Tool</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot089.html#htoc211">15.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Timing Profiler</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot090.html#htoc212">15.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Port Profiler</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot091.html#htoc213">15.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Line coverage</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot091.html#htoc214">15.8.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Compilation</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot091.html#htoc215">15.8.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Results</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot092.html#htoc216">15.9&nbsp;&nbsp;Mode analysis</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot093.html#htoc217">Chapter&nbsp;16&nbsp;&nbsp;Attributed Variables</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot094.html#htoc218">16.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot095.html#htoc219">16.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Declaration</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot096.html#htoc220">16.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot097.html#htoc221">16.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating Attributed Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot098.html#htoc222">16.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Decomposing Attributed Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot099.html#htoc223">16.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Attribute Modification</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot100.html#htoc224">16.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Attributed Variable Handlers</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot100.html#htoc225">16.7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Printing Attributed Variables</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot101.html#htoc226">16.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Built-Ins and Attributed Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot102.html#htoc227">16.9&nbsp;&nbsp;Examples of Using Attributed Variables</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot102.html#htoc228">16.9.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Variables with Enumerated Domains</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot103.html#htoc229">16.10&nbsp;&nbsp;Attribute Specification</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot104.html#htoc230">Chapter&nbsp;17&nbsp;&nbsp;Advanced Control Features</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot105.html#htoc231">17.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot106.html#htoc232">17.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Concepts</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot106.html#htoc233">17.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;The Structured Resolvent</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot106.html#htoc234">17.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Floundering</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot107.html#htoc235">17.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Suspending Built-Ins and the Suspend-Library</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot108.html#htoc236">17.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Development System Support</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot109.html#htoc237">17.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Declarative Suspension: Delay Clauses</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot110.html#htoc238">17.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Explicit supension with suspend/3</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot111.html#htoc239">17.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Waking conditions</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot111.html#htoc240">17.7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Standard Waking Conditions on Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot111.html#htoc241">17.7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Library-defined Waking Conditions on Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot111.html#htoc242">17.7.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Global Symbolic Waking Conditions: Triggers</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc243">17.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Lower-level Primitives</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc244">17.8.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Suspensions and Suspension Lists</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc245">17.8.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating Suspended Goals</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc246">17.8.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Operations on Suspensions</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc247">17.8.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Examining the Resolvent</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc248">17.8.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Attaching Suspensions to Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc249">17.8.6&nbsp;&nbsp;User-defined Suspension Lists</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc250">17.8.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Attaching Suspensions to Global Triggers</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot112.html#htoc251">17.8.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Scheduling Suspensions for Waking</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot113.html#htoc252">17.9&nbsp;&nbsp;Demon Predicates</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot114.html#htoc253">17.10&nbsp;&nbsp;More about Priorities</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot114.html#htoc254">17.10.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Changing Priority Explicitly</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot114.html#htoc255">17.10.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Choice of Priorities</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot115.html#htoc256">17.11&nbsp;&nbsp;Details of the Execution Mechanism</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot115.html#htoc257">17.11.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Particularities of Waking by Unification</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot115.html#htoc258">17.11.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Cuts and Suspended Goals</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot116.html#htoc259">17.12&nbsp;&nbsp;Simulating other System's Delay-Primitives</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot117.html#htoc260">Chapter&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;More About Suspension</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot118.html#htoc261">18.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Waiting for Instantiation</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot119.html#htoc262">18.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Waiting for Binding</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot120.html#htoc263">18.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Waiting for other Constraints</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot121.html#htoc264">Chapter&nbsp;19&nbsp;&nbsp;Memory Organisation And Garbage Collection</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc265">19.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc266">19.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;The Shared/Private Heap</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc267">19.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;The Local Stack</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc268">19.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;The Control Stack</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc269">19.1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;The Global Stack</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot122.html#htoc270">19.1.5&nbsp;&nbsp;The Trail Stack</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot123.html#htoc271">19.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Garbage collection</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot124.html#htoc272">Chapter&nbsp;20&nbsp;&nbsp;Operating System Interface</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot125.html#htoc273">20.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc274">20.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Environment Access</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc275">20.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Command Line Arguments</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc276">20.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Environment Variables</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc277">20.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Exiting ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP></A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc278">20.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Time and Date</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc279">20.2.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Host Computer</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot126.html#htoc280">20.2.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Calling C Functions</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc281">20.3&nbsp;&nbsp;File System</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc282">20.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Current Directory</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc283">20.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Looking at Directories</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc284">20.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Checking Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc285">20.3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Renaming and Removing Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot127.html#htoc286">20.3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Filenames</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot128.html#htoc287">20.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating Communicating Processes</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot128.html#htoc288">20.4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Process creation</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot128.html#htoc289">20.4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Process control</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot128.html#htoc290">20.4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Interprocess Signals</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot129.html#htoc291">Chapter&nbsp;21&nbsp;&nbsp;Interprocess Communication</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot130.html#htoc292">21.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Socket Domains</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot131.html#htoc293">21.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Stream Connection (internet domain)</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot132.html#htoc294">21.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Datagram Connection (internet domain)</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot133.html#htoc295">21.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Stream Connection (unix domain)</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot134.html#htoc296">21.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Datagram Connection (unix domain)</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot135.html#htoc297">Chapter&nbsp;22&nbsp;&nbsp;Porting Applications to ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP></A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot136.html#htoc298">22.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Using the compatibility language dialect</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot136.html#htoc299">22.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Compiler versus Interpreter</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot137.html#htoc300">22.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Porting Programs to plain ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP></A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot138.html#htoc301">22.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Exploiting ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> Features</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot139.html#htoc302">Appendix&nbsp;A&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot140.html#htoc303">A.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Introduction</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot141.html#htoc304">A.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Notation</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot141.html#htoc305">A.2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Character Classes</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot141.html#htoc306">A.2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Groups of characters</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot141.html#htoc307">A.2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Valid Tokens</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot141.html#htoc308">A.2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Escape Sequences within Strings and Atoms</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot142.html#htoc309">A.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Formal definition of clause syntax</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot142.html#htoc310">A.3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Comments</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot142.html#htoc311">A.3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Operators</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot142.html#htoc312">A.3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Operator Ambiguities</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot143.html#htoc313">A.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax Differences between ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> and other Prologs</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot144.html#htoc314">A.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Changing the Parser behaviour</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot145.html#htoc315">A.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Short and Canonical Syntax</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot146.html#htoc316">Appendix&nbsp;B&nbsp;&nbsp;Operators</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot147.html#htoc317">Appendix&nbsp;C&nbsp;&nbsp;Events</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc318">C.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Event Types</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc3"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc319">C.1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Argument Types and Values</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc320">C.1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Arithmetic, Environment</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc321">C.1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Data and Memory Areas, Predicates, Operators</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc322">C.1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;Modules, Visibility</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc323">C.1.5&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax Errors, Parsing</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc324">C.1.6&nbsp;&nbsp;Compilation, Run-Time System, Execution</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc325">C.1.7&nbsp;&nbsp;Top-Level</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc326">C.1.8&nbsp;&nbsp;Macro Transformation Errors, Lexical Analyser</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc327">C.1.9&nbsp;&nbsp;I/O, Operating System, External Interface</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc328">C.1.10&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging, Object Files</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot148.html#htoc329">C.1.11&nbsp;&nbsp;Extensions</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot149.html#htoc330">C.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Stack Overflows</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot150.html#htoc331">C.3&nbsp;&nbsp;ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> Fatal Errors</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot151.html#htoc332">C.4&nbsp;&nbsp;User-Defined Events</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot152.html#htoc333">Appendix&nbsp;D&nbsp;&nbsp;ECL<SUP><I>i</I></SUP>PS<SUP><I>e</I></SUP> Command Line Options</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot153.html#htoc334">Appendix&nbsp;E&nbsp;&nbsp;Style Guide</A>
<UL CLASS="ftoc2"><LI CLASS="li-toc">
<A HREF="umsroot154.html#htoc335">E.1&nbsp;&nbsp;Style rules</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot155.html#htoc336">E.2&nbsp;&nbsp;Module structure</A>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot156.html#htoc337">E.3&nbsp;&nbsp;Predicate definition</A>
</UL>
<LI CLASS="li-toc"><A HREF="umsroot157.html#htoc338">Appendix&nbsp;F&nbsp;&nbsp;Restrictions and Limits</A>
</UL>

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